Ключевые слова: absorption, acid, bacteria, bioleaching, chemistry, containment, copper, cyanide, dissolution, drainage, efficiency, extraction, filtration, flow, gold, heap, heapleach, hydrometallurgy, industrial, infiltration, irrigation, leachate, leaching, liquid, metals, mineralization, minerals, mining, nitrate, operation, oxidation, pads, percolation, pile, process, processed, reactants, reaction, recovery, recoveryplant, residue, separation, soil, solution, solvent, sulfate, surface, technology, treatment, uranium,